Abstract:
In this paper, we investigate the relationship between institutional investors and cost of capital. We find that: (1) The institutional investors can reduce the cost of capital of listed-firms, and the influence of long-term institutional investors is more significant; (2) For the firms of different ownership structure, the institutional investors have more effect on cost of capital for SOE than Non-SOE; (3) The mechanism that institutional investors can mitigate cost of capital is mainly reflected in corporate governance and information interpretation, and there also exist difference between SOE and Non-SOE. In general, institutional investors can reduce the cost of capital through the behavior of corporate governance or information disclosure. We provide new evidence for the role which institutional investors play in our capital market. Meanwhile, we suggest the regulators should concentrate the trading behavior of institutional investors.
[1] 蔡宏标和饶品贵,2015,《机构投资者、税收征管与企业避税》,《会计研究》第10期,第59~65页。 [2]曾颖和陆正飞,2006,《信息披露质量与股权融资成本》,《经济研究》第2期,第69~79页。 [3]蒋琰和陆正飞,2009,《公司治理与股权融资成本——单一与综合机制的治理效应研究》, 《数量经济技术经济研究》第2期,第60~75页。 [4]金智,2013,《社会规范、财务报告质量与权益资本成本》,《金融研究》第2期,第194~206页。 [5]李维安和李滨, 2008,《机构投资者介入公司治理效果的实证研究——基于CCGINK的经验研究》,《南开管理评论》第1期,第4~14页。 [6]李祎、刘启亮和李洪,2016,《IFRS、财务分析师、机构投资者和权益资本成本——基于信息治理观视角》,《会计研究》第10期,第26~33页。 [7]罗琦和王悦歌,2015,《真实盈余管理与权益资本成本——基于公司成长性差异的分析》,《金融研究》第5期,第178~191页。 [8]毛新述、叶康涛和张頔,2012,《上市公司权益资本成本的测度与评价——基于我国证券市场的经验检验》,《会计研究》第11期,第12~22页。 [9]梅洁和张明泽,2016,《基金主导了机构投资者对上市公司盈余管理的治理作用?——基于内生性视角的考察》,《会计研究》第4期,第55~60页。 [10]沈洪涛、游家兴和刘江宏,2010,《再融资环保核查、环境信息披露与权益资本成本》,《金融研究》第12期,第 159~172 页。 [11]谭劲松和林雨晨,2016,《机构投资者对信息披露的治理效应——基于机构调研行为的证据》,《南开管理评论》第5期,第115~126页。 [12]汪炜和蒋高峰,2004,《信息披露、透明度与资本成本》,《经济研究》第7期,第107~114页。 [13]肖珉,2008,《法的建立、法的实施与权益资本成本》,《中国工业经济》第3期,第40~48页。 [14]徐浩萍和吕长江,2007,《政府角色、所有权性质与权益资本成本》,《会计研究》第6期,第61~67页。 [15]叶康涛和陆正飞,2004,《中国上市公司股权融资成本影响因素分析》,《管理世界》第5期,第127~131页。 [16]Akins B. K, J. Ng and R. S. Verdi, 2011. “Investor Competition over Information and the Pricing of Information Asymmetry”, The Accounting Review, 87(1): 35~58. [17]Aggarwal, R., I. Erel, M. Ferreira, and P. Matos, 2011. “Does Governance Travel around the World? Evidence from Institutional Investors”, Journal of Financial Economics, 100(1): 154~181. [18]Badrinath, S. G., G. D. Gay, and J. R. Kale, 1989. “Patterns of Institutional Investment, Prudence, and the Managerial "Safety-Net" Hypothesis”, Journal of Risk and Insurance, 56(4): 605~629. [19]Baik, B., J. K. Kang, and J. M. Kim, 2010. “Local Institutional Investors, Information Asymmetries, and Equity Returns”, Journal of Financial Economics, 97(1): 81~106. [20]Boehmer, E., and E. K. Kelley, 2009. “Institutional Investors and the Informational Efficiency of Prices”, Review of Financial Studies, 22(9): 3563~3594. [21]Botosan, C. A., and M. A. Plumlee, 2002. “A Re-examination of Disclosure Level and the Expected Cost of Equity Capital”, Journal of Accounting Research, 40(1): 21~40. [22]Botosan, C. A., and M. A. Plumlee, 2005. “Assessing Alternative Proxies for the Expected Risk Premium”, The Accounting Review, 80(1): 21~53. [23]Brandt, L., and H. Li, 2003. “Bank discrimination in transition economies: ideology, information, or incentives?”, Journal of Comparative Economics, 31(3): 387~413. [24]Brown, S. J., and W. N. Goetzmann, 1997. “Mutual Fund Styles”, Journal of Financial Economics 43(3): 373~399. [25]Bushee, B. J., 1998. “The Influence of Institutional Investors on Myopic R&D Investment Behavior”, The Accounting Review, 73(3): 305~333. [26]Chen, H., J. Z. Chen, G. J. Lobo, and Y. Wang, 2011. “Effects of Audit Quality on Earnings Management and Cost of Equity Capital: Evidence from China”, Contemporary Accounting Research, 28(3): 892~925. [27]Chen, K. C. W., Z. Chen, and K. C. J. Wei, 2009. “Legal Protection of Investors, Corporate Governance, and the Cost of Equity Capital”, Journal of Corporate Finance, 15(3): 273~289. [28]Chung, R., M. Firth, and J. B. Kim, 2002. “Institutional Monitoring and Opportunistic Earnings Management”, Journal of Corporate Finance, 8(1): 29~48. [29]Easley, D., and M. O'Hara, 2004. “Information and the Cost of Capital”, Journal of Finance, 59(4): 1553~1583. [30]Easley, D., R. F. Engle, M. O'Hara and L. Wu. 2008. “Time-Varying Arrival Rates of Informed and Uninformed Trades”, Journal of Financial Econometric, 6(2): 171~207. [31]Easton, P. D., 2004, “PE Ratios, PEG Ratios, and Estimating the Implied Expected Rate of Return on Equity Capital”, The Accounting Review, 79(1): 73~95. [32]Faccio, M., 2006, “Politically Connected Firms”, American Economic Review, 96(1): 369~386. [33]Fan, J. P. H., T. J. Wong, and T. Zhang, 2007, “Politically Connected CEOs, Corporate Governance, and Post-IPO Performance of China's Newly Partially Privatized Firms”, Journal of Financial Economics, 84(2): 330~357. [34]Ferreira, M. A., and P. Matos, 2008, “The Colors of Investors' Money: The Role of Institutional Investors around the World”, Journal of Financial Economics, 88(3): 499~533. [35]Froot, K. A., D. S. Scharfstein, and J. C. Stein, 1992, “Herd on the Street: Informational Inefficiencies in a Market with Short-Term Speculation”, Journal of Finance, 47(4): 1461~1484. [36]Gebhardt, W. R., C. M. C. Lee, and B. Swaminathan, 2001, “Toward an Implied Cost of Capital”, Journal of Accounting Research, 39(1): 135~176. [37]Ghaly, M., V. A. Dang, and S. Konstantinos, 2017, “Institutional Investors' Horizons and Corporate Employment Decisions”, Working Paper, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2606272 [38]Gillan, S. L., and L. T. Starks, 2000, “Corporate Governance Proposals and Shareholder Activism: The Role of Institutional Investors”, Journal of Financial Economics, 57(2): 275~305. [39]Gompers P. A and A. Metrick, 2001, “Institutional Investors and Equity Prices”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116(1): 229~259. [40]Hail, L., and C. Leuz, 2006, “International Differences in the Cost of Equity Capital: Do Legal Institutions and Securities Regulation Matter?”, Journal of Accounting Research, 44(3): 485~531. [41]Hartzell, J. C., and L. T. Starks, 2003, “Institutional Investors and Executive Compensation”, Journal of Finance, 58(6): 2351~2374. [42]Heckman, J., 1979, “Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error”, Econometrica, 47(1): 153~161. [43]Jiambalvo, J., S. Rajgopal, and M. Venkatachalam, 2002, “Institutional Ownership and the Extent to which Stock Prices Reflect Future Earnings”, Contemporary Accounting Research, 19(1): 117~145. [44]Kecskes, A., S. Mansi, and P. Nguyen, 2016, “Does Corporate Social Responsibility Create Shareholder Value? The Importance of Long-Term Investors”, Working Paper, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2257846 [45]Kothari, S. P., X. Li, and J. E. Short, 2009, “The Effect of Disclosures by Management, Analysts, and Business Press on Cost of Capital, Return Volatility, and Analyst Forecasts: A Study Using Content Analysis”, The Accounting Review, 84(5): 1639~1670. [46]Lambert, R., C. Leuz, and R. E. Verrecchia, 2007, “Accounting Information, Disclosure, and the Cost of Capital”, Journal of Accounting Research, 45(2): 385~420. [47]Nguyen, H.G., X.K. Yin, and H. Luon, 2011, “Institutional Investors, Private Information, and the Cost of Capital”, Working Paper, Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1972657 [48]Piotroski, J. D., and B. T. Roulstone, 2004, “The Influence of Analysts, Institutional Investors, and Insiders on the Incorporation of Market, Industry, and Firm-Specific Information into Stock Prices”, The Accounting Review, 79(4): 1119~1151. [49]Shleifer, A., and R. W. Vishny, 1986, “Large Shareholders and Corporate Control”, Journal of Political Economy, 94(3): 461~488. [50]Sias, Richard W., Laura T. Starks, and S. Titman, 2006, “Changes in Institutional Ownership and Stock Returns: Assessment and Methodology”, Journal of Business, 79(6): 2869~2910. [51]Yan, X., and Z. Zhang, 2009, “Institutional Investors and Equity Returns: Are Short-term Institutions Better Informed?”, Review of Financial Studies, 22(2): 893~924.