Urban Agglomeration, Hukou System and Education Opportunity
ZHAO Ying, SHI Zhilei
School of Public Finance and Taxation,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law School of Public Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law
Abstract:
The amount and group characteristics of education opportunity are determined by urban agglomeration along with hukou system. The urbanization with Chinese characteristics boost the income of migrant workers while limit the education opportunity of their migrant children, which impacts have not been closely evaluated. This paper utilized the combined data from Dynamic Monitor on Migrant Workers in 2012, population census from 1964 to 2010 and prefectural level, which provided us the chance to examine the impacts concerning the urban agglomeration on education opportunity on migrant children. The impact of the former has 1.25% ~ 1.84% negative impact on the latter, and the opportunity to enter the public funded school is lower by 6.63% ~ 20.99%. Given the limited education opportunity, the right to be educated is not much affected by the number of children in a family. Informal resources owned by the migrant workers can not weaken the formal restrictions, while enlarged by the strategical positioning and downward discriminating of the city. The peer effects of the migrant workers, on the other hand, is beneficial to the growing opportunity of their children. The prosperity of urban stems from complementarity of high and low skilled workers, which urges to respect and give the equal education opportunity of migrant children. These measures are the key to keep sustained prosperity of urban and overcome the middle income trap.
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