Abstract:
This paper explores the relationship between banking competition and financial stability. Based on a Spatial Competition Model, we investigate entrepreneurs' risk-taking behaviors in a game with banking competition. It shows that banking competition decreases the equilibrium loan interest rate, reduces entrepreneurs' risk-taking choices, and thus enhances financial stability. From the perspective of social welfare, banking competition may hurt banks' profitability, but it significantly increases depositors' and entrepreneurs' expected payoffs, and thus enhances social welfare. In consequence, an effective competition policy discourages the risk-taking behaviors of banks, and thus increases financial stability as well as market efficiency, resulting in a higher social welfare. The case with cost asymmetry is also addressed.
徐璐, 叶光亮. 银行业竞争与市场风险偏好选择——竞争政策的金融风险效应分析[J]. 金融研究, 2018, 453(3): 105-120.
XU Lu, YE Guangliang. Banking Competition and Risk: the Impact of Competition Policy on Financial Stability. Journal of Financial Research, 2018, 453(3): 105-120.
[1]刘明康,2009,《新中国银行业发展历史回顾与未来展望》,《中国金融》第19期,第14~18页。 [2]刘伟和黄桂田,2003,《银行业的集中, 竞争与绩效》,《经济研究》第11期,第14~21页。 [3]吴汉洪和姜艳庆,2012,《对中国银行业反垄断问题的思考》,《经济学动态》第11期,第69~76页。 [4]杨天宇和钟宇平,2013,《中国银行业的集中度, 竞争度与银行风险》,《金融研究》第1期,第122 ~134页。 [5]叶光亮,2016,《竞争政策:公平竞争市场环境的基础保障》,《中国价格监管与反垄断》第S1期,第50~54页。 [6]尹志超、钱龙和吴雨,2015,《银企关系, 银行业竞争与中小企业借贷成本》,《金融研究》第1期,第134~149页。 [7]邹朋飞和欧阳青东,2011,《信贷市场竞争与银行业的稳定性》.《湘潭大学学报: 哲学社会科学版》第3期,第38~44页。 [8]Aghion, P., and M. Schankerman. 2004. “On the Welfare Effects and Political Economy of Competition‐Enhancing Policies” The Economic Journal, 114(498):800-824. [9]Allen, F., and D.Gale. 2000. “Comparing Financial Systems”, Published by MIT press. [10]Allen, F., and D. Gale. 2004. “Competition and Financial Stability” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 36(3):453-480. [11]Anginer, D., A. Demirguc-Kunt and M. Zhu. 2014. “How does Competition Affect Bank Systemic Risk” Journal of Financial Intermediation, 23(1):1-26. [12]Beck, T., A. Demirgüç-Kunt and R. Levine. 2006. “Bank Concentration, Competition, and Crises: First Results” Journal of Banking & Finance, 30(5):1581-1603. [13]Berger, A. N., and T. H. Hannan. 1998. “The Efficiency Cost of Market Power in the Banking Industry: A Test of the “Quiet Life” and Related Hypotheses” Review of Economics and Statistics, 80(3):454-465. [14]Boot, A. W., and A. V. Thakor. 2000. “Can Relationship Banking Survive Competition?” The Journal of Finance, 55(2):679-713. [15]Boyd, J. H., and G. De Nicolo. 2005. “The Theory of Bank Risk Taking and Competition Revisited” The Journal of Finance, 60(3):1329-1343. [16]Chiappori, P. A., D. Perez-Castrillo and T. Verdier. 1995. “Spatial Competition in the Banking System: Localization, Cross Subsidies and the Regulation of Deposit Rates” European Economic Review, 39(5):889-918. [17]Cordella, T., and E. L. Yeyati. 2002, “Financial Opening, Deposit Insurance, and Risk in a Model of Banking Competition” European Economic Review, 46(3):471-485. [18]Degryse, H., and S. Ongena. 2005. “Distance, Lending Relationships, and Competition” The Journal of Finance, 60(1):231-266. [19]De Nicolo, G.. 2001. “Size, Charter Value and Risk in Banking: An International Perspective” EFA 2001 Barcelona Meetings; FRB International Finance Discussion Paper No. 689. [20]Hauswald, R., and R. Marquez. 2003. “Information Technology and Financial Services Competition” The Review of Financial Studies, 16(3):921-948. [21]Hellmann, T. F., K. C. Murdock and J. E. Stiglitz. 2000. “Liberalization, Moral Hazard in Banking, and Prudential Regulation: Are Capital Requirements Enough?” The American Economic Review, 147-165. [22]Hoggarth, G., R. Reis and V. Saporta. 2002. “Costs of Banking System Instability: Some Empirical Evidence”, Journal of Banking & Finance, 26(5):825-855. [23]Jayaratne, J., and P. E. Strahan. 1998. “Entry Restrictions, Industry Evolution, and Dynamic Efficiency: Evidence from Commercial Banking” The Journal of Law and Economics, 41(1):239-274. [24]Keeley, M. C.. 1990. “Deposit Insurance, Risk, and Market Power in Banking” The American Economic Review, 80(5):1183-1200. [25]Maudos, J., and J. F. de Guevara. 2007. “The Cost of Market Power in Banking: Social Welfare Loss vs. Cost Inefficiency” Journal of Banking & Finance, 31(7):2103-2125. [26]Petersen, M. A., and R. G. Rajan. 1995. “The Effect of Credit Market Competition on Lending Relationships” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(2):407-443. [27]Repullo, R.. 2004. “Capital Requirements, Market Power, and Risk-taking in Banking” Journal of Financial Intermediation, 13(2):156-182. [28]Rice, T., and P. E. Strahan. 2010. “Does Credit Competition Affect Small‐Firm Finance” The Journal of Finance, 65(3):861-889. [29]Salop, S. C.. 1979. “Monopolistic Competition with Outside Goods” The Bell Journal of Economics, 10(1):141-156. [30]Schaeck, K., M. Cihak and S. Wolfe. 2009. “Are Competitive Banking Systems More Stable” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 41(4):711-734. [31]Schargrodsky, E., and F. Sturzenegger. 2000. “Banking Regulation and Competition with Product Differentiation” Journal of Development Economics,63(1):85-111. [32]Shaffer, S.. 1993. “A Test of Competition in Canadian Banking” Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 25(1):49-61. [33]Vives, X.. 2011. “Competition Policy in Banking” Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 27(3):479-497.